Numbered Treaty Three, 1873

Document Summary:
Saulteaux and Ojibeway Aboriginals give up their land rights to the government of Canada for European settlement in current-day northeastern Ontario forever. In return for giving up these rights, they received:

• 2.5 square kilometers of reserve land for each family of five.
  
  
• $12 per person during the treaty signing; $25 per chief plus a medal, a flag and a suit of clothes every three years. Five headmen per band got $15 each year and a suit of clothing every three years.
  
  
• Farming tools.
  
  
• The right to hunt and fish on ceded land, except land used for forestry, mining, settlement or other purposes.
  
  
• $1,500 a year for ammunition and fishing net twine.
  
  
• Schools on reserve land, whenever desired by the Aboriginals.
  
  
• A census to keep track of how many Aboriginals there were in each band, mainly for financial compensation purposes.

In return for the aforementioned items, the Aboriginals had to:

• Promise they would keep the peace and maintain law and order.
  
  
• Never possess any liquor on their reserves. (The introduction of alcohol in Aboriginal society had led to disorder in the past.)