Numbered Treaty One, 1871

Document Summary:
Chippewa and Swampy Creek Aboriginals give up their land rights to the government of Canada for European settlement in current-day lower Manitoba forever. In return for giving up these rights, they received:

• Six hundred square meters of reserve land for each family of five.
  
  
• $5 per person, which could be payable in clothing or equipment; $20 per chief plus a buggy and a suit of clothes every three years. Four headmen per band got a suit of clothes every three years.
  
  
• Farming tools.
  
  
• Schools on reserve land, whenever desired.
  
  
• A census to keep track of how many Aboriginals there were in each band, mainly for financial compensation purposes.

In return for the aforementioned items, the Aboriginals had to:

• Promise they would keep the peace and maintain law and order.
  
  
• Never possess any liquor on their reserves. (The introduction of alcohol in Aboriginal society had led to disorder in the past.)